
A painted door that will not lock almost always has paint in one of three places: on the cylinder face and the rim of the keyway, on the strike plate and the hole the bolt drops into, or on the latch and the door edge. Clean the cylinder with isopropyl alcohol and a wooden pick, pull the strike plate and scrape the recess behind it, and lubricate with dry graphite rather than oil. If the key will not turn at all, stop pushing it and have the cylinder removed.
New York City housing gets painted more than most. Apartments are repainted between tenants, owners of multiple dwellings are generally required to repaint occupied apartments on a regular cycle, and co-ops repaint public corridors on their own schedule. Confirm what painting obligation applies to your building with the Department of Housing Preservation and Development rather than relying on hearsay; the practical result either way is that hardware gets painted and nobody finds out until the door is tried.
The other reason is speed. A crew painting a dozen doors in a corridor does not remove each cylinder, strike plate, and hinge. A cylinder face catches overspray, a run finds the keyway, the strike plate gets a full coat along with the jamb. None of it is visible from six feet away, and the painters are gone before the lock is tested.
This is the one people notice. A key that used to slide in now needs pressure, or enters and will not rotate. Paint on the cylinder face is cosmetic until it builds up at the mouth of the keyway and narrows it; paint that has run inside coats the pins and the plug stops turning freely. Forcing a key at that point is how keys snap.
The most common cause, and the least suspected. The latch or deadbolt has to drop cleanly into the hole in the metal plate on the frame. Paint on the plate, and particularly paint filling the recess behind it, raises the plate a fraction and shrinks the opening, so the latch catches on the lip instead of entering. It feels like the door needs a shove, then one day it does not catch at all.
The edge of a door collects paint worst because it is rolled last and dries against the frame. A painted latch binds in its own faceplate, a painted deadbolt drags, and a thickened edge changes where both of them land. On an older wood door, fresh coats plus humidity move the alignment by the small amount that matters.
Paint in the hinge knuckles stops the hinge closing fully and throws the door out of square. Add screws already loose in soft pre-war wood and the door sits low, the bolt meets the plate half an inch off, and no work on the lock itself will help. The fix is at the hinge, not the cylinder, and it is the alignment problem described in why a door will not lock properly.

Work from the outside in. Most painted-lock calls are solved in the first two steps, neither of which needs the lock taken apart.
That order matters: every step changes the alignment slightly, so chasing the bolt before the hinges are right means doing it twice. The maintenance version of the same checks is in door lock maintenance for NYC doors.
We clear painted cylinders, realign bolts and strikes, and replace hardware the painters finished off, across Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Licensed, insured, and available 24 hours.
Call rather than keep working if any of these is true. They are the cases where another twenty minutes of effort turns a repair into a replacement.

If a repaint is coming, your own contractor or the building's crew, prevention is trivial next to the repair.
If a door has already been painted shut or will not lock, we handle this repair across the borough through our Brooklyn locksmith service, and across the rest of the five boroughs the same day.
If the owner, the managing agent, or the board hired the painters, the damage came out of their contractor's work and the repair is theirs. Put it in writing, describe the specific fault rather than saying the lock is broken, and keep a copy. A door that cannot be locked is not a cosmetic complaint, and a building with a pattern of unresolved door and lock conditions carries it in the public record, the subject of HPD violations for door and lock conditions.
In a co-op or condo the corridor side of your door is often the building's while the inside is yours, and some boards restrict what hardware may be fitted in a public hallway at all. Ask before changing anything on a corridor door; the approval question is set out in co-op board approval for door hardware.
Usually yes, if the paint is on the outside of the cylinder rather than through the mechanism. Paint on the cylinder face and the rim of the keyway can be softened with isopropyl alcohol and lifted off with a wooden pick, then dried and given a dry graphite or PTFE lubricant. Paint that has run down inside the keyway or into the lock body is different: the cylinder has to come out and be cleaned, or replaced.
Most of the time the problem is not the lock. It is paint built up on the strike plate and jamb, or a door edge swollen with fresh coats, so the latch no longer lines up with the hole it used to drop into. Take the strike plate off, scrape the paint from behind it and out of the recess, refit it, and the door usually closes again. If it binds on the frame instead, the hinges need looking at.
No. A wet penetrating spray mixes with paint and dust into a paste inside the lock and then attracts grit for years. It can get a key turning for a day and leave the cylinder worse than it started. Clean with isopropyl alcohol, let it dry, then lubricate with powdered graphite or a dry PTFE lubricant made for locks.
If the building or the owner arranged the painting, the damage came from their work and the repair belongs to them. Report it to the super or managing agent in writing the same week and keep a copy, because the written request is what makes the repair enforceable later. A tenant should not be left paying for hardware damaged by the owner's own contractors, or left with a door that cannot be locked.
Stop, and do not try to pull the piece out with pliers or push it further in with another key. A broken key in a painted keyway is held by the paint as much as by the pins, and forcing it drives the fragment deeper. A locksmith extracts the piece, cleans the cylinder, and says whether the lock is still serviceable. Emergency Locksmith NY answers 24 hours a day at (718) 412-1332.